生物法降解高氯酸盐及其优化研究

Biological Reduction of Perchlorate and Optimization

利用经过驯化处理的厌氧活性污泥来处理高氯酸盐废水,以醋酸根为碳源,通过摇床实验考察了碳源浓度、pH值、生长温度、泥量和溶解氧等因素对高氯酸盐降解率的影响,初步确定最佳反应条件.结果表明,在35℃、初始pH值为8.0的条件下,添加1.2 g/L的醋酸根,1.0 g厌氧培养的活性污泥能将50 mg/L的高氯酸盐完全降解.体系中的溶解氧会抑制高氯酸盐的降解.此外,还考察了生物膜柱反应器连续处理高氯酸盐模拟废水的效果,结果表明完全降解高氯酸盐的最小停留时间为6 h.

The potential of bioremediation to treat perchlorate-contaminated water by acclimating anaerobic activated sludge was investigated in this study. Factors such as carbon source, initial pH, temperature, domesticated sludge concentration and dissolved oxygen affecting the removal of perchlorate were studied in detail by shaking-bottle point tests using acetate as carbon source. Results showed that 50 mg/L perchlorate was completely reduced by 1.0 g of domesticated sludge added with 1.2 g/L of acetate under the conditions of 35℃ and initial pH 8.0. Dissolved oxygen in the system would restrain the reduction of perchlorate. In addition, column bioreaetor was used to treat perchlorate continuously, with the minimum residence time of 6 h.