废物水泥窑共处置产品中重金属释放量研究

Release Amount of Heavy Metals in Cement Product from Co-processing Waste in Cement Kiln

通过模拟煅烧实验制取水泥熟料,并采用国标GB/T 17671-1999制取混凝土样品.选用EA NEN7371和EA NEN7375浸出方法,利用基于菲克扩散第二定律的一维扩散模型对废物水泥窑共处置产品(混凝土)中重金属长期累积释放量进行了研究.结果表明,混凝土中重金属的最大释放量低于总量;各种重金属在混凝土中的扩散系数不同,且Cr>As>Ni>Cd;Cr、As、Ni和Cd 30a的累积释放量分别为4.43、0.46、1.50和0.02 mg/kg,释放率(累积释放量/最大释放量)分别为27.0%、18.0%、3.0%和0.2%;扩散系数是影响重金属累积释放量的重要因素,且两者表现出较好的相关性;Cr和As的扩散系数较大(分别为1.15E-15 m2/s和6.42E-16 m2/s),应重点控制其进入水泥窑处置过程的总量.

Clinker was produced by Simulating cement calcination test, and concrete samples were also prepared according to national standard GB/T 17671-1999. Long-term cumulative release amount of heavy metals in cement product from co-processing waste in cement kiln was researched through leaching test which refers to EA NEN 7371 and EA NEN7375, and one-dimensional diffusion model which is on the base of Fick diffusion law. The results show that availabilities of heavy metals are lower than the total amounts in concrete. The diffusion coefficients of heavy metals are different（Cr 〉 As 〉 Ni 〉 Cd）. During 30 years service, the cumulative release amounts of Cr, As, Ni and Cd are 4.43 mg/kg, 0.46 mg/kg, 1.50 mg/kg and 0. 02 mg/kg, respectively, and the ratios of release which is the division of cumulative release amount and availability are 27.0 %, 18.0 %, 3.0 % and 0. 2 %, respectively. The most important influence factor of cumulative release amount of heavy metal is the diffusion coefficient, and it is correlative to cumulative release amount. The diffusion coefficient of Cr and As should be controlled exactly in the processing of input the cement-kiln.