寒地梨种质资源表型多样性研究

Study on the diversity of phenotypic characteristics of pear germplasm resources in the cold region

对寒地梨种质资源表型性状的Simpson和Shannon多样性指数、标准差、变异系数和聚类分析等研究表明幼叶颜色、叶面状态、果实形状、抗寒性、抗梨黑星病、单果质量、可溶性固形物等性状多样性指数较高,变异度大,可为梨育种提供良好变异的群体;尤其是保存了多份极抗寒资源,抗寒性中等资源较少,无抗寒性弱和极弱的资源;果实形状多样性较高,而且性状间分布也较为均匀,可溶性固形物变异系数较大;大果型、抗梨黑星病类型资源分布较少,尚需收集、增加果个大、高抗病资源。

The diversity of the phenotypic characteristics of the pear germplasm resources in the cold region was studied. The analyses for simpson index, shannon index, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and cluster dendrogram about the phenotypic characteristics including the leaf color, fruit shape, fruit size, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, flavor and eating quality, storability, hardiness and resistantce to diseases were quite different. Such great diversity is invaluable for use in pear breeding. Especially some germplasm resources were extremely hardy ; and some germplas resources were nearly immune to pear scab, all these resources are valuable for pear breeding in the hardy regions.