几种糖业有机物料对蔗田土壤微生物数量的影响

Impact of Several Organic Materials of Sugar Industry on Soil Microbe Population in Sugarcane Field

采用尼龙网袋法研究了几种糖业有机物料(蔗叶、蔗根、宿根蔗头、糖厂滤泥和酒精废液)对蔗田土壤微生物数量的影响,探讨不同有机物料对蔗田土壤微生物的作用效应。结果表明:8次采样蔗叶、蔗根、宿根蔗头、糖厂滤泥、酒精废液、对照(不加物料)处理的细菌数量平均值分别为5.75×106、8.01×106、11.99×106、59.55×106、14.3×106、1.09×106个/g干土,放线菌数量平均值分别为0.436×106、1.138×106、1.096×106、6.349×106、3.433×106、0.185×106个/g干土,真菌数量平均值分别为0.433×106、2.312×106、2.015×106、1.973×106、0.487×106、0.069×106个/g干土。说明糖业有机物料能增加土壤微生物数量,与蔗叶、蔗根、宿根蔗头相比,施用糖厂有机废料(滤泥或酒精废液)能使土壤细菌及放线菌数量明显增多,而对真菌的影响则以蔗根和宿根蔗头更有效。

In order to clarify the impact of several organic materials of sugar industry on soil microbe population in sugarcane field,the effects of different organic materials including filtered mud, vinasse and leaves,roots and under-ground cane stalks on soil microbes were determined. These organic materials were mixed with soil and put into nylon bags, which were buried in sugarcane field, and the number of soil microbe in bags was recorded at eight times during two years. On average of the eight records, the numbers of bacteria of sugarcane leaves, sugarcane root,under-ground stalk,filter mud, Vinasse and CK were 5.75 × 10^6 ,8.01 × 10^6, 11.99 × 10^6 ,59.55 × 10^6, 14.30 × 10^6 and 1.09 × 10t/g, respectively; the numbers of corresponding actinomycetes were 0. 436 × 10^6, 1.138 × 10^6, 1. 096 × 10^6,6. 349 × 10^6,3. 433 × 10^6 and 0. 185 × 10^6/g,respectively,and the corresponding fungi were 0. 433 × 10^6 ,2. 312 × 10^6 ,2. 015 × 10^6 , 1. 973 × 10^6 ,0. 487 × 10^6 and 0. 069 × 10^6/g, respectively. The organic materials increased the soil microbes, soil bacteria and actinomycetes. Moreover, the numbers of bacteria and actinomycetes were increased more by applying filtered mud and vinasse from sugar mills than those of cane residues such as leaves, cane roots and under-ground cane stalks. In addition, the numbers of fungi were higher in cane root, under-ground stalk and filter mud than those of vinasse and sugarcane leaves. But for fungi, the effect rule was not the same.