大嵛山附近海域游泳动物种类组成和资源现状及其变化分析

Fauna composition of necton and fishery resources in waters near Dayushan Island

2006年1月～10月福建闽东大嵛山附近海域游泳动物调查研究结果表明,该海域的游泳动物有97种,其中鱼类51种（软骨鱼1种,硬骨鱼类50种）,隶属于9目24科42属;甲壳类42种,隶属于2目15科20属;头足类4种,隶属于3目3科3属.暖水性种类为33种,占鱼类总种数的64.7%;暖温性鱼类18种,占鱼类总种数的35.3%,未出现冷温性和冷水性鱼类.种类数的季节变化依次呈夏季〉冬季〉秋季〉春季.生物量的季节变化,依次呈夏季〉秋季〉春季〉冬季;而生物量尾数的季节变化,依次呈夏季〉春季〉秋季〉冬季.平均单位网次渔获生物量和密度分别为9.53kg/h和1 319 ind/h.生物量优势种和密度优势种分别为大黄鱼和中华管鞭虾.扫海面积法估算年平均现存资源量为57 370 ind/km^2和404.51kg/km^2.同时,本文对该海域游泳生物的资源结构现状与历史调查数据作了对比分析,并讨论了多样性结构与生物量的季节性变化规律.结果表明,该海域渔业资源有严重衰退的现象,多样性结构与生物量的季节性变化并不具有必然的一致性.

A necton investigation was conducted in January and October,2006. It is recorded there were 97 species nekton, among them 51 species were fishes （ 1 species of chondrichthian fishes,50 species of osteichthian fishes） belonging to 9 orders ,24 families and 42 genus. Besides ,there were 42 species of crustacean and 4 species of cephalopoda recorded. 33 species of warm-water fishes accounting for 64.7% of the total fish, 18 species of warm-temperate fishes accounting for 35.3% of the total. There was not any cold-temperate fish recored. The seasonal variations of species in number follows the order of summer 〉 winter 〉 autumn 〉 spring. The seasonal variations of biomass in weight follows the order of summer 〉 autumn 〉 spring 〉 winter. The seasonal variations of density follows the order of summer 〉 spring 〉 autumn 〉 winter. The mean biomass and density were 9.53kg/h · net and 1 319ind/h · net. The dominant species for biomass and density were Pseudoseiaena crocea and Solenocera crassieomis. The density and biomass for fishery resource were estimated to be 57 370 ind/h and 404.51 kg/h. At last, the species composition and diversity for the necton were discussed.