活动性肺结核病人密切接触者发病因素分析

Relevant factors of tuberculosis incidence among people in close contact with active tuberculosis cases

目的通过对活动性肺结核密切接触者发病相关影响因素的分析,为制定结核病人的主动防治策略和高危人群的风险预测模型提供科学依据。方法分类资料的比较采用Pearsonχ2检验和F isher's精确概率检验,对接触者发病的相关影响因素进行单因素分析。结果不同年龄组、不同职业组的密切接触者发病例数差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);城市密切接触者发病率高于农村,男性接触者发病率高于女性;密切接触者是否咳嗽,是否发热,是否有过度疲劳经历,是否有情绪低落情况与接触者是否发病有关。结论密切接触者中,老年人、有咳嗽、发热、情绪低落、过度劳累等症状是发病重点人群;针对相关因素进行早期调查,主动发现结核病人。

Objective To analyze the relevant factors of the tuberculosis （TB） incidence among people in close contacts with active tuberculosis cases for developing the active TB control strategy and providing scientific basis for predicting model on the risk of high-risk groups. Methods Totally 2637 subjects in close contact with 983 active TB patients were chosen at random. Pearson χ^2 test and Fisher＇s excat probability test were used to compare category variables, and the singlefactor analysis was adopted to analyze the relevant factors. Results The subjects with different age, different professional showed statistically significant different TB incidence （ P 〈 0. 05）. The incidence of the subjects in close contact with TB patients in cities was higher than that of in the rural; the incidence of men was higher than that of women. Cough, fever, depression and severe fatigue experience were closely related to the TB incidence of the contacts. Conclusion Among the close contacts, the elderly and those with symptoms such as cough ,fever, mental depression and severe fatigue are the population at high risk of TB. So it is necessary to take active detection and early intervention in the population.