荧光PCR技术检测梅毒螺旋体DNA的意义

Application value of FQ-PCR for detection of treponema pallidum DNA

目的：评估荧光定量聚合酶链反应（FQ-PCR）技术检测梅毒螺旋体DNA的应用价值。方法：使用FQ-PCR技术检测硬下疳、一期横痃、二期梅毒皮损、梅毒患者全血、室温保存1～3年半的梅毒螺旋体DNA阳性标本以及部分生活污染品中的梅毒螺旋体DNA含量。结果：该技术的特异性为100％，敏感性分别为一期梅毒100％，二期梅毒90％，早期梅毒全血为20％，无症状梅毒全血为0％，其敏感性主要受到治疗药物和梅毒病程的影响；与梅毒口腔黏膜斑密切接触的污染品中1个茶杯获得阳性结果；室温保存的梅毒螺旋体DNA阳性标本均阳性。结论：FQ-PCR技术适用于确认未经治疗的形态各异的早期梅毒疹；对一期梅毒后期或二期梅毒早期患者血中梅毒螺旋体DNA检查有价值；梅毒螺旋体DNA在常温下可长期保持稳定；该技术对探明梅毒间接传播途径可能有价值。

Objective To assess the application value of fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （ FQ - PCR） for detection of treponema pallidum DNA （ TP - DNA）. Method Using FQ - PCR technique to detect treponema pallidum DNA in hard chancre, syphilitic bubo, the lesions of secondary syphilis （ flat condyloma, macula, maculopapule, papule, node, mucous patches）, the whole blood of patients with syphilis, and TP - DNA positive samples preserved in sterile tube at room temperature for 1 - 3 and a half years as well as some pollution goods. Results FQ -PCR technique＇s specificity was 100% ,and the sensitivity was 100% for chancre and syphilitic bubo,90% for secondary syphilis,20% for whole blood of early syphilis,0% for asymptomatic syphilis separately. The sensitivity rate was influenced mainly by therapeutic drug and the course of syphilis. One tea cup close contacted with mucous patches was obtained positive result; all of FQ - PCR positive samples preserved at room temperature was obtained positive results. Conclusion FQ - PCR technique is valuble to confirmed the various forms lesion of early syphilis untreaed. The technique is suitable for detection the whole blood of syphilis with chancre in late stage or with the lesion of secondary syphilis in early stage. The treponema pallidum DNA remains long - term stability at room temperature. It is possibly valuable for using the technique to explore the indirect route of transmission of syphilis.