政治漩涡中的士人心态——对苏轼“乌台诗案”诗文的政治文化解读

The Scholar's Psychology in the Vortex of Politics——A Political Cultural Interpretation Of Sushi's Poems and Articles in Wutai Poem Case

由于士人与政治间的密切关系,士人心态必然包括大量的政治内容。乌台诗案是北宋时期发生的一起文字狱,也是一个重要的政治事件。它不仅在当时有重大影响,也为后人研究士人政治心态,特别是苏轼的政治心态提供了一个绝佳的切入点。苏轼是士人群体的一个典型代表,其心态颇具典型性。乌台诗案构成苏轼政治心态演变的转折点。透过苏轼在诗案前、中、后的大量诗文,可以对苏轼政治心态及其变化有较全面的了解。苏轼的政治心态及其演变表明,在道、王夹缝中求生存的士人,其政治心态中存在着难以排解的紧张与焦虑。这是传统社会下,士人无法摆脱的命运。

Schloar＇s psychology is inevitably much affected by his political point of view due to the close relation between scholars and politics. Wutai Poem Case was both a literary imprisonment and an important political incident in the Northern Song Dynasty. It not only had the great impact at that time, but also provided an excellent breakthrough point for studing the scholars＇ psychology especially Su Shi＇s political psychology. As a typical scholar, Sushi＇s political psychology was representative. Wutai Poem Case was the turning - point in Su Shi＇s political psychology. Su Shi＇s poems and articles in the Wutai Case Period will help us understand Su Shi＇s political psychology thoroughly. The research indicated that there existed serious anxiety in the scholars＇ psychology for it was hard for them to reconcile the Taosim with the King power. This was the scholars＇ destiny in the ancient traditional society.