赵岐对章句学的突破及其对“以意逆志”说的误读

Zhao Qi's breakthrough in philological study and his misunderstanding of guessing other persons' meanings with his own idea

赵岐的《孟子章句》打破了两汉儒者繁琐、支离的注经模式,为当时的学界注入了一股清新的学风。赵岐在章句学领域的突破得益于他对孟子的"以意逆志"法的运用。"以意逆志"是孟子借己意揣摩作者思想意图的解《诗》方法,"以意逆志"说的成立依据在于孟子的"本心"说。赵岐将经验意义上的"人情"视为"以意逆志"的基础,结果误读了此说。虽然如此,赵岐还是成功地按照他所理解的"以意逆志"法解读了《孟子》一书,并由此而改写了经学的发展史。

Zhao Qi＇s Mencius＇Philological Study of Ancient Texts broke through Confucius Scholars＇complicated and fragmented textual note pattern and brought the new learning style into the then academic circle. His breakthrough in philological study benefited from the use of Mencius＇theory of guessing others＇meanings with one＇s own idea, which was based on Mencius＇ontological mind and devoted to understanding of Poems. Zhao Qi regarded human feeling in a sense of experience as the basis of guessing others＇ meanings with one＇s own idea, thus misunderstanding the theory. In spite of so, he successfully explained the book Mencius and rewrote the development history of study of Confucius classics.