一种基于分簇的无线传感器网络MAC协议

A Cluster-Based MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

本文提出了一种基于分簇结构的无线传感器网络MAC协议。在基于层次式路由协议的分簇网络结构中,通过综合基于竞争和基于时分复用协议的优缺点,将时间划分为交替的随机访问和调度访问两个阶段,在随机访问阶段簇内节点采用CSMA/CA实现无线信道共享。在调度访问阶段,节点根据簇首分配的时隙实现数据无冲突通信。在簇与簇之间采用FDMA避免信道干扰实现网络的扩展。分析和仿真结果表明本协议在能量效率、时间同步和网络扩展上都有所改进。

This paper proposes a cluster - based WSN MAC protocol. In the cluster - based network based on the hierarchieal routing protocol, the time is divided into the turn of the random access stage and scheduling visit stage through comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the protocol based on competition and based on TDMA. In random access stage,the node in cluster uses CSMA/ CA to share wireless channel. In the Scheduling access stage, nodes achieve data communications unconflict in time slot that was allocated by the cluster head node. Among different clusters, FDMA is adopted to avoid interference and expand network. Analysis and simulation results show that the protocol have improved in energy efficiency, time synchronization and network expansion.