从殷墟花东H3卜辞排谱看商代弹侯礼

Studying the shooting of Etiquette and Rite in Shang Dynasty Based on the Chronological Record of the H3 Oracle Bones of Eastern Locus at Huayuanzhuan in Yin Relic

H3卜辞主人"子"以向武丁献玉为始终,期间有弹射、祭祀、燕飨、弹侯事类的占卜。把"子"从事的这些事类与文献、金文结合研究,可以看出,弹射、燕飨、弹侯与西周春秋时期的择士之射、"乡饮酒礼"、大射的过程基本相同。H3卜辞"弹、祭祀、燕飨、弹侯"事类,反映了其主人"子"在武丁统领下"弹侯"活动一个完整周期。以地下考古实物印证的西周、春秋时期举行的带有养老、议会性质的乡饮酒礼、大射礼于一体的礼制,其实早在商王武丁时期,已经成为比较完备的政治制度。这对中华民族文明的探源,具有重大学术意义。

Offering tions was engaged the round piece of jade at the beginning and in in a series of ceremony and propriety of shoting the end, the master of H3 oracle Bone Inscrippellet shot from a slingshot, offering sacrifice to ancestors, entertaining guests, shooting blackberry lily. Comparing it with Inscriptions on ancient bronze objects and historical documents, we can know about shoting, shooting, entertaining and that guests are of the same as shoting for select talented people, and food and drink for many people, shoot for title of nobility. It is a complete cycle of The master of H3 oracle Bone who the shoot underled WuDing. We can confirm the shooting of Etiquette and Rite which take part in Western zhou and Chunqiu dynasty has been completely political system in WuDing period early with the undergroud Chronological material objects. It has the important Significance for making a thorough exploration in chinese civilization.