组织培养诱导的普通小麦─黑麦代换系和附加系分子细胞遗传学检测

MOLECULAR CYTOGENETIC IDENTIFICATION OF TRITICUM AESTIVUMSECALE CEREALE SUBSTITUTION AND ADDITION LINES

通过组织培养从普通小麦（ＴｒｉｔｉｃｕｍａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍＬ．）与八倍体小黑麦（×ＴｒｉｔｉｃｏｓｅｃａｌｅＷｉｔｍａｃｋ）杂种Ｆ０幼胚再生植株后代中获得２个代换系９３０４９８、９３０４８３和１个附加系９３００２９。以黑麦（ＳｅｃａｌｅｃｅｒｅａｌｅＬ．）基因组ＤＮＡ为探针，采用荧光原位杂交（ＦＩＳＨ）证实了黑麦染色体的存在。在有丝分裂中期，经ＦＩＳＨ处理的黑麦染色体为黄绿色，明显区别于红色的小麦染色体。染色体配对、Ｃ分带、麦谷蛋白电泳分析，证明两个代换系为１Ｄ／１Ｒ代换。

Two substitution lines, designated as 930498 and 930483, and one addition line, designated as 930029, via F0 immature embryo culture of Triticum aestivum×octoploid triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) were identified. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using total genomic DNA of rye (Secale cereale L.) as probe corroborated the existence of rye chromosomes, further confirmed through chromosome paring at meiotic metaphase Ⅰ, Cbanding and glutenin SDSPAGE. The results demonstrated that the two substitution lines are 1D/1R, and the addition line is also 1R addition. Rye chromosomes that are distinct to the redcolored wheat chromosomes appear yellowgreen at mitotic metaphase after FISH.