裂叶沙参与泡沙参解剖生态学的比较研究

COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF ANATOMICAL ECOLOGY BETWEEN ADENOPHORA LOBOPHYLLA AND A. POTANINII

借助于光镜和扫描电镜，系统观察了濒危植物裂叶沙参（ＡｄｅｎｏｐｈｏｒａｌｏｂｏｐｈｙｌａＨｏｎｇ．）的根、芦头、茎和叶的解剖特征及茎、叶、种子的表面形态特征，并将有关性状与广布种泡沙参（Ａ．ｐｏｔａｎｉｎｉＫｏｒｓｈ．）作了对比研究。结果表明，两种沙参在叶表皮细胞形状，垂周壁式样，角质层初级雕纹及次级雕纹；叶片气孔形状及外拱盖外缘纹饰及内缘形状，保卫细胞上角质层薄厚及蜡质纹饰；叶表毛状体形状及纹饰，茎中皮层占茎横切面的比例；茎中有无髓纤维等方面存在着明显差异。相对于泡沙参，裂叶沙参单株叶面积大，生物量高，表皮角质层薄，单位面积内被毛数量少，栅栏组织薄，气孔周围蜡质沉积颗粒少；茎的直径大，皮层较薄等。这些特征表明裂叶沙参对旱生生境适应能力弱，而泡沙参对旱生生境适应能力强。

By the light and scanning electron microscope, the anatomical characteristics of the root, the rhizome, the stem, the seed and the leaf between Adenophora lobophylla Hong. endangered species, and A. potaninii, Korsh. extentive species, have been observed and compared. The results show that two species have obvious difference in anatomical characteristics of the leaf and the stem. The anatomical characteristics demonstrate that A. potaninii has stronger adaption to dry river valley, while A. lobophylla has the poorer ability to adapt the locative environment.