九龙江河口湾表层沉积物中重金属分布及其潜在生态风险

Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediments of Jiulong River Estuary

运用X-射线荧光光谱分析仪对九龙江河口湾表层沉积物中的重金属元素(Cu、Pb、Zn、Mn、Cr、Ni、Co、V)含量进行了分析测定,进一步采用潜在生态风险指数法(ERI)对该水域重金属元素的生态风险进行评价预测,以讨论九龙江河口湾水域的重金属分布特征,揭示其元素赋存沉积物的来源,阐明该水域重金属元素的潜在生态风险,为该水域的生态监测提供依据.结果表明,九龙江河口湾表层沉积物中重金属元素表现为明显的陆相性,说明其物源主要来自于九龙江径流,Cu元素的细粒富集效应明显的比陆源输入的影响大;同时潜在生态风险评价结果表明,九龙江河口湾水域为轻微生态风险,重金属污染的风险系数较小,该水域重金属元素的污染风险系数大小顺序为:Pb>Cu>Ni>Co>Zn>V>Mn>Cr.

46 samples were collected from surface sediment of Jiulong River Estuary from Sep 2006 to May 2008,and the contents of heavy metal elements （Cu, Pb,Zn, Mn,Cr, Ni,Co, V） were measured by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The risk of heavy metals＇ pollution was assessed using the method of potential ecological risk index （ERI）. The result showed that heavy metals in Jiulong River Estuary were obviously terrestrial, and mainly came from the river runoff. The distribution of Cu element apparently showed the fine-effect of enrichment beyond the impact of terrestrial input. The ERI results indicated that Jiulong River Estuary belonged to low ecological risk,and the pollution of heavy metals was not very obvious in this period. The sequence of pollution risk for the heavy metals in Jiulong River Estuary was： Pb 〉Cu〉 Co〉 Ni〉 Zn〉 V〉 Mn〉Cr.