行距对青海扁茎早熟禾无性繁殖影响的研究

The effects of row distance on clone reproduction of Poa pratensis var.anceps cv.Qinghai

用根茎切割机切取种植3年的青海扁茎早熟禾Poa pratensisvar.anceps草皮,以行距（30、40、50、60、70 cm）及未切割（CK）为处理,进行其无性繁殖特性的研究。结果表明,青海扁茎早熟禾无性繁殖当年即能收获籽实,不同行距对其植物学性状、地上和地下生物量积累及种子产量均有显著影响（P〈0.05）。主要表现在,30-70 cm行距处理早熟禾的成熟期比对照晚2-6 d;返青期—孕穗期,各行距处理早熟禾的株高、分蘖数、叶片数、叶面积显著小于对照（P〈0.05）;孕穗期,各指标增加迅速,其中行距50 cm的各指标均达最大值（P〈0.05）;孕穗期-成熟期,各处理根茎长度、根茎分蘖芽、地上和地下生物量增加比对照小（P〈0.05）,成熟期后,增加迅速;50 cm行距处理的扁茎早熟禾种子产量最高（383.6 kg/hm^2）,30 cm行距的种子产量最低（233.0 kg/hm^2）。得出,行距50 cm为青海扁茎早熟禾无性繁殖的最佳处理。

To determine the clone reproduction characteristics, the rhizome of 3 years Poa pratensis var. anceps cv. Qinghai was cut to 0（CK）,30, 40, 50, 60 and 70cm as row distance treatments. The results indicated that P. pratensis var. anceps cv. Qinghai could produce seeds in the first years of clone production, the row distance treatment had significant effect on its growi aboveground and underground biomass and seeds yield（P〈0.05）. Maturity of ng characteristic and plants in 30--70 cm row distances was 2--6 days delayed contrasted to CK. The plant height, tiller number, leaf number and leaf areas in each row distances were lower than that in CK from regenerating to booting stage （P〈0.05）. The rhizome length, number of rhizome tiller buds, the increase of aboveground and underground biomass of row treatments were lower than that of CK （P〈0.05） from booting stage to maturity, and then increased quickly and seed yield reached the highest （383.6 kg/hm^2） at 50 cm row distances, the lowest value （233.0 kg/hm^2） was obtained at 30 cm row distances. Thus, 50cm row distance was optimum for the clone planting of P. pratensis var. anceps cv. Qinghai.