第三种道德——人文性道德何以可能?

Humanistic Morality:The Possibility of a Third Morality

社会性道德与宗教性道德的分离固然代表着社会文明的进步,却也给当代人类的道德生活造成新的困惑。因此,需要有一种超越这两种道德的新的道德——人文性道德。人文性道德不是指在社会性道德与宗教性道德之外的另一种道德,而是指从"中观"的角度来对社会性道德与宗教性道德加以把握与重新整合,即认为社会性道德有待于以"下学上达"的方式转换为宗教性道德,而宗教性道德则也必然以"上智下移"的方式体现为社会性道德。历史上,儒家主张用"礼乐教化"的方式来建构与实践这种人文性道德,它典型地体现了人文性道德的超越性与现实性相统一、"报神恩"与"报人恩"相统一的特点。

The separation between social morality and religious morality represents the progress of social civilization, but it brings new perplexity to the moral life of modern times. Therefore, a third morality - humanistic morality beyond these two morals is in need. Humanistic morality is a reconstruction of the two from an angle of mid-view that on one hand is a new religious morality transformed from the primary social morality on the premise of love, and on the other hand is a new social morality embodied by the primary religious morality. Historically speaking, main body of humanistic morality, which Confucian advocated the ritual and musical moralization as the representatively reflects the unity of the transcendent and the realistic, and the combination of obligatory repayment to God and human.