大型地铁车站消防设计性能化分析

Performance-based Analysis of the Fire Prevention Design for the Large-scale Subway Station

研究目的:针对大型地铁车站出入口数量多、换乘公共区防火分区面积超标、车站深度大、地下联络通道长度超过60 m、地铁结合商业开发等特点,进行消防性能化分析,供今后城市中心的地铁换乘站或枢纽车站的消防设计参考。研究结论:从利于人员逃生的角度设置出入口,消防出入口应减少和商业开发的结合;地下多层车站或站台距离地面的高度很大时宜设置封闭楼梯间;防火分区面积超出规范时要设置有效的排烟、蓄烟和自动灭火系统;车站商业开发部分应同步进行消防设计,并与地铁车站的消防设施协调统一,必要时应进行专门的性能化研究。

Research purposes： This paper analyzes the fire prevention design for the large scale subway station with many exits,large concourse area,long evacuation distance,long underground passage and many shops,for the purpose of providing reference to design of the interchange station and other large scale subway station.Research conclusions：The exits and entrances should be in the places where there is enough free room for the passengers to evacuate.The stairs should be closed considered when the platform is far from the ground.Smoke emission and other automatic fire prevention facilities should be equipped in large concourse area,and the fire prevention facility should be also designed for the shopping area.