我国城乡收入差距周期性波动的来源分解

Source Decomposition of Urban-Rural Resident Income Inequality's Periodical Fluctuation

测算了1978年来我国城乡收入差距,并以收入来源分解基尼系数法对其增量进行了分解。研究表明,受改革进程和宏观政策的影响我国城乡差距表现出很强的周期性波动;体制变革促使城乡居民分项收入比重变化引起的结构性效应推动城乡差距长期上升,为缓解改革中的偏差采取的调整性政策使各分项收入在城乡间分布发生变化的分配性效应曾两次促使城乡差距短期缩小;综合两种效应分析,二元体制下的工资性收入和转移性收入对城乡差距贡献最大,对此做了实证分析并给出了政策性建议。

This paper measures the urban-rural residents＇ income inequality in China during 1978-2007 and decomposes the inequality＇s periodical fluctuation based on GINI coefficient. The main finding is that the cyclical fluctuation appears along with urban-rural inequality＇s expansible trend. The effect of income structure led by the stepwise system reformation is the dominating compelling reason, and the distributive effect reduces the inequality. The four subentry income affects the urban-rural income inequality in dissimilarity way, and the dualistic urban-rural salary and transfer income enlarge the residents＇ income inequality. Empirical analysis is made and suggestions are set forward in the end.