贾宝玉惧父心理的文化透视——贾宝玉论之五

A Cultural Perspective on Jia Baoyu's Fear of his Father——A study on Jia Baoyu V

《红楼梦》令人惊异叹惋的地方在于塑造了贾宝玉这个人物,在他身上,作者寄寓了丰富厚重的文化内蕴。在小说中,贾政贾宝玉这对父子发生着激烈的矛盾冲突,乃至贾政下狠手暴打贾宝玉,由此更加深了宝玉内心深处的惧父意识。分析这种意识,可以看出父权文化、文化父亲形象在小说的中反映。那么,这对父子之间的冲突原因到底是什么呢?我认为贾政代表着现实生活,执着地实践着、追求着这样的生活,也希望家族的继承人宝玉能够完成这种实践和追求。然而宝玉向往着诗意的梦幻生活,拒斥着现实生活。父子的冲突也就以各种方式发生了。种种冲突也就积累成宝玉的心理障碍,使他拒斥、疏离自己的本无恶意的父亲,使得父子之间的伦理亲情日渐疏离淡化甚至绝迹,而贾政也只有固守着自己习得观念、价值,整天价端着个架子那样疲累地活着。这种理想与现实之间的冲突,对父子二人而言,都不无悲剧的意味和殉道的悲壮。从某种意义上讲,他们都值得同情,需要理解。

The appalling amazement for the readers when reading A Dream of Red Mansions lies in the author＇s representation of the eminent character, Jia Baoyu. In him, the author places massive cultural connotations. In the novel, Jia Baoyu undergoes a series of dreadful confrontations with his father, thus arousing Baoyu＇s innermost fear for his father. By analyzing the sensation, we can see the dreadful image of the father as a tyrant. But what indded are the causes of this conflict.9 In my opinion, Baoyu＇s father, jia Zheng, represents the real life at that time, hoping that Baoyu can fulfill the dream of pursuing the happiness of lifeexactly like him. But Baoyu is quite different, pursuing a dreamlike life and rejecting the real life, which leads to the conflict between them. All these result in Baoyu＇s mental handicap, making him reject and alienate his father who is not vicious at all to him. Meanwhile, Jia Zheng adheres to the aquired attitude and values deeply rooted in his mind, and toils himself by making various pretensions in his life. The conflict between the ideal and the reality, for father and son, take on a tragic sense. To some degree, they both deserve pity and understanding.