成都市三圈七个乡镇和社区卫生服务机构药房管理和药品配送情况--三圈七院六站预调查报告之六

An Investigation on the Medicine Supply Chain in Rural Hospitals and Community Health Service Centers in Chengdu

目的通过预调查了解成都市部分基层医疗卫生服务机构(三圈七院六站)药品管理、配送和监督网络情况,为循证建立成都市基层基本药物制度,保障药品供应提供证据。方法由经培训的研究人员采用访谈法调查成都市7个乡院/中心和6个村站药品配送情况和农村药品配送和监督网络(简称"两网")建设情况,实地调查药房药品购销记录和药房环境;并与欧美发达国家药品分类管理、每千人药房数量和药剂师执业情况比较。结果①除人和卫生院因搬迁致药品管理资料遗失外,预调查的7个乡院/中心均有药品购销记录,并设有专人和设备养护在库药品。②仅3家药房使用电子药品数据库,数据库稳定性和功能有待加强。③预调查的5个乡院和5个村卫生站均通过农村药品配送和监督网络,实现药品每周1次的统一配送,保证了农村药品可及性。城市社区卫生服务中心药品配送基于传统的商业流通渠道,每周配送3次。村卫生站存在药品记录缺失,药品陈列不规范的问题。结论建议开发稳定可靠的药房电子信息管理系统,结合当地疾病负担和当前最佳证据制定乡院和村站的基本药物目录,加强乡院/中心对卫生站的指导、监督,规范卫生站药品管理,加强农村药品配送和监督网络建设,保障基本药物的供应。

Objective To provide evidence for the establishment of an essential medicines list, we investigated the institutional medicine supply in rural hospitals and community health service centers in Chengdu. Methods The trained investigators collected medicine sales records and information about the management of institutional pharmacies. Through in-depth interviews with the pharmaceutical personnel, we inquired into the drug supervision and supply networks in rural areas. Then we performed secondary research based on a comparative analysis of drug classification, administration and pharmacies in developed countries. Results Seven township hospitals/community health service centers had pharmacies, facilities, storage, and a clean environment. Three of them used electrical databases to manage medicine sales records. Five township hospitals and 5 village medical rooms purchased medicines from the drug supervision and supply networks every week. In this way, they ensured the quality and accessibility of drugs in rural areas. In the urban community health service centers, medicines were supplied based on the traditional commercial distribution system. Conclusion Rational allocation of health resources to set up institutional pharmacies and village medicine rooms is important. The supervision of village medical rooms must be stricter. We should expand the use of electrical databases and integrate the supervision and supply networks with the supply system of the essential medicines.