金毛弓背蚁的巢穴结构、头宽频数分布及活动节律

THE NEST ARCHITECTURE, FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF HEAD WIDTH AND DAILY ACTIVITY RHYTHM OF THE CARPENTER ANT CAMPONOTUS TONKINUS SANTSCHI

对金毛弓背蚁ＣａｍｐｏｎｏｔｕｓｔｏｎｋｉｎｕｓＳａｎｔｓｃｈｉ的巢穴结构、工蚁头宽频数特征及巢外活动节律作了系统的观察和分析。发现金毛弓背蚁地下巢穴极为复杂，有纵横交错的通道系统和众多的小室，蚁后室位于巢穴底部；工蚁的头宽为连续性，范围在１．０５～３．８５ｍｍ，频数分布为不对称的单峰，头宽在１．４～２．０ｍｍ的个体最多，占总数的７２．７％；晴朗天气里工蚁出入巢活动在上午和下午各有一个高峰，中午随温度升高金毛弓背蚁外出活动进入低谷。

The present article deals with the nest architecture, frequency distribution of head width and daily rhythm of outandin activities of the carpenter ant Camponotus tonkinus Santschi. It is found that this species constructs a very complicated ground nest consisting of many passages and chambers. The queen chamber is usually located undermost in the nest. The head widths of workers range from 105 to 385 mm, and its frequency distribution is asymmetric monomodal with a peak at 14 ～ 20 mm (accounts for 727% of the total workers). In a sunny day, a typical daily cycle is bimodal, commence foraging in early moming, decline in midday and rise again in late aftemoon through dusk.