温、湿度对亚洲玉米螟成虫繁殖力及寿命的影响

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS OF TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY ON FECUNDITY AND LONGEVITY OF THE ADULT ASIAN CORN BORER

温度和湿度的变化对亚洲玉米螟Ｏｓｔｒｉｎｉａｆｕｒｎａｃａｌｉｓ（Ｇｕｅｎèｅ）成虫的交配和产卵及寿命都具有极显著的影响。在１６℃～３２℃和ＲＨ２０％～１００％的温湿范围中，亚洲玉米螟成虫繁殖力在２０℃～２８℃恒温和ＲＨ７０％～１００％的温湿组合中较大，其中在２４℃恒温和２８℃～２０℃变温与ＲＨ９０％～１００％的组合中为最大，在３２℃和ＲＨ２０％的组合中为最小。单雌抱卵量、产卵量和产出卵率及交配次数均与温度呈抛物线曲线关系，与湿度呈正相关。温、湿度对成虫繁殖力具有极显著的交互作用。成虫寿命与温湿度密切相关，温度越高，成虫寿命越短；而湿度越高，成虫寿命越长。但雄蛾比雌蛾较耐低湿，在１６℃～２４℃下雄蛾寿命比雌蛾较长。此外，雄蛾较强的交配能力可促进卵的发育和产出。以上结果对玉米螟种群动态消长的分析和预测预报提供了参考依据。

The fecundity and longevity of the adult Asian corn borer,Ostrinia furnacalis,were studied at different combinations of constant and variable temperature and relative humidity (RH)ranging from 16℃ to 32℃ and 20% to 100% RH, respectively.Results indicated that constant temprature of 24℃ and RH 90% to 100% were optimum for egg production,fertilization and adult mating.When the temperature was lower or higher than 24℃ and humidity was lower than RH 70%,they would significantly reduce the number of eggs laid per female,egg fertilization and mating frequency.The life spans of the male and female moths were longer at lower temperature than at higher temperature,and shorter at lower relative humidity than at higher relative humidity but male moths could survive longer than females at the lower temperatures.Compared with the constant temperature,the variable temperature(28℃～20℃)tested was more favorable for egg production than 16℃,20℃,28℃and 32℃,but as favorable as the constant temperature of 24℃.Results obtained are of very importance for population dynamics studies of the pest.