城市拆迁地区防制家栖鼠扩散措施的研究

Study on the Control Measure to Dispersion of Commensal Rodentsat Demolished Area in City

目的：了解拆迁地带采取防灭鼠措施，遏止家栖鼠扩散的作用。方法：现场调查试验，设试验区与对照区，灭鼠措施以毒鼠为主，并设１～２条防鼠屏障，用鼠夹法、粉块法及食饵法测定拆迁地周围鼠密度变化。结果：发现（１）拆前灭鼠，周围遭鼠侵害明显减轻，对照区四周鼠密度粉块法阳性率增加５０７倍，拖食阳性率增加３９８倍；（２）灭鼠并加设防鼠带，四周鼠密度夹日法减轻２９８０％，对照区则增加５１６倍；（３）拆迁地区２次灭鼠加防鼠带比一次灭鼠加防鼠带对四周鼠害减轻６６２４％。结论：拆前于搬迁前及拆房前进行两次灭鼠，并设置防鼠带，能完全控制拆迁地区家栖鼠向外扩散。

In order to know the rodent control measure at demolished area and prevent the dispersion of commensal rodents, we measured the change of rodent density around the demolished area by using scene investigation test in which test zone and contrast zone had been set. The procedures included principal rodent control measure of chemical killing and one or two rodent defence zone, with clip method, powder track method and feeding method for detecting rodent density. The results showed that:(1) If rodent control measure taken before pulling down, the damage caused by rodent around the demolished area decreased evidently. The positive rate of rodent track around the contrast zone increased 5.07 times with powder track method, and the positive rate of feeding method increased 3.98 times. (2) If rodent control measure taken and rodent defence zone set, the rodent density around the zone decreased 29.80 percent, though the rodent density of the contrast zone increased 5.16 times. (3) If rodent control measure taken two times and rodent defence zone set, the damage caused by the rodent around the zone decreased 66.24 percent, comparing to taking rodent control measure one time and with rodent defence zone. If we take two times killing measure and set defence zone before pulling down, not only the dispersion of commensal rodent at the demolished area can be entirely controlled, but also the damage caused by the rodent around the area can be decreased.