硫酸氢钾和氢氧化钠二步法催化潲水油制备生物柴油

Preparing Biodiesel from Waste Grease Restaurant by Two-step Catalyzed Process by Potassium Bisulfate and Sodium Hydroxide

初步探讨了以潲水油为原料，以硫酸氢钾和氢氧化钠为催化剂，用二步法催化高酸价潲水油制备生物柴油的生产工艺。结果表明，硫酸氢钾对酯化反应具有很强的催化活性，而且可以回收利用。通过正交试验得到最佳酯化反应条件：硫酸钾用量4％，反应温度 65～70℃，醇油质量比3∶5，反应时间2 h，该条件下游离脂肪酸酯化率达97.22％。酯交换反应条件为：NaOH用量1％，反应温度65～70℃，反应时间 1 h，醇油质量比1∶5。经过二步催化，产品中总的脂肪酸甲酯（生物柴油）含量达96.7％。

Waste restaurant grease was used as the raw material, potassium bisulfate （ KHSO4 ） and sodium hydroxide （NaOH） was used as the catalyst, and two-step processes was used to catalyze the high acid value waste restaurant grease, the production process of biodiesel was discussed in this study. The results indicated KHSO4 had a great catalytic activity in esterification, furthermore, it also could be recycled. The optimal esterification parameters were obtained by orthogonal experiment, the dosage of KHSO4 was 4wt% , the reaction temperature was 65 - 70 ℃, and the mass ratio of alcohol to grease was 3：5, the reaction time was 2 h, the esterifiable rate of free fatty acids was 97.22% under the condition above mentioned. The parameters of ester exchange was following, the dosage of NaOH was 1 wt%, the reaction temperature was 65 -70 ℃, the reaction time was 1 h, and the mass ratio of alcohol to grease was 1：5. After two-step catalysis, the total content of fatty acid methyl ester （biodiesel） in the product was 96.7wt%.