水稻本田调酸抗病研究

Study on Disease-resistant Technology by Adjusting Soil Acidity about Paddy Rice

[目的]研究施用石灰对水稻生长发育的影响。[方法]利用大区对比的方法研究水稻本田施石灰对水稻长势长相、抗病性及产量和生物性状的影响。[结果]结果表明,施石灰的处理水稻返青稍慢,生育前期株高比不施石灰处理略矮,生育后期略高于不施石灰处理。随着石灰用量的增加,单株分蘖有增加的趋势,水稻植株衰老较慢,剑叶颜色变深,出现一个梯度变化。施石灰的处理鞘腐病和褐变粒发病明显比不施石灰处理轻,鞘腐病病情指数、发病率和褐变粒病情指数比不施石灰处理低1倍左右,但石灰不同用量与病情指数和发病率之间没有明显的相关性。随着石灰用量的增加,穗粒数略有降低的趋势,空瘪率和千粒重没有明显的趋势变化,平方米穗数稍有增加,但增加幅度很小。石灰用量为150 kg/hm2时,产量最高,为9528.0 kg/hm2;不施石灰时产量最低,为9393.0 kg/hm2,各处理产量差异均不明显。[结论]该研究结果为土壤酸化的改良提供科学依据。

[ Objective] The purpose of this research was to study the effect of using lime on appearance and disease-resistant and output of paddy rice. [ Method] The contrast method was used in field to study the disease-resistant technology by adjusting soil acidity about paddy rice. [ Result] The results showed that reviving of paddy rice was slightiy slow and the height was shorter in the earlier stage, the height was higher in later stage. When treated with lime, the tiller increased and the old was slower and the color of sword leaf was deep. The rotten disease of vagina and brown granule of paddy rice was lighter than no using lime treatment, but it was not obvious correlativity between lime dosages and disease index and morbidity. The ear granule and ear number increased along with increase of lime dosages. When lime dosages was 150 kg/hm^2, output was maximal, being 9 528.0 kg/hm^2; output of having no lime was lowest, being 9 393.0 kg/hm^2, it had no obvious difference among treatments. [ Conclusion] This research will provide the theoretical reference for improving the soil acidification extent.