四川甘孜藏族自治州植被景观格局分析研究

Analysis on Vegetation Landscape Pattern of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Region in Sichuan Province

[目的]为实现高海拔区少数民族聚居地的土地利用优化配置提供理论依据。[方法]基于四川甘孜藏族自治州2007年1∶25万林相图及土地利用类型图,在地理信息系统软件ArcGIS和景观结构分析软件Fragstats支持下,从景观总体特征、斑块面积、斑块周长、斑块数和分形维数等角度对甘孜藏族自治州景观格局和破碎化程度进行了较深入的分析和评价。[结果]结果表明,各景观组分中高寒草甸及常绿阔叶灌丛面积较大;温性、寒温性草丛及沼泽面积较小,呈零散分布;落叶阔叶及其混交林景观破碎化程度较高;整体上看,森林类型的破碎化程度高于草甸及灌丛类型;各景观组分的分形维数均较小,趋向于1,表明各景观类型的边界褶皱程度均较小。

[ Objective ] The study aims to provides some theoretical basis for realizing the optimal allocation of land use in minority habitation. [ Method] Based on the forest map and land use type map （ data from 2007 and scale 1：250 000） of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Region in Sichuan Province, under the support of geographic information system software ArcGIS and landscape structure analysis program Fragstats, a deeply analysis and evaluation has been done on the landscape pattern and the degree of fragmentation of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous region from the overall landscape properties, plaque area, plaque perimeter, plaque numbers and fractal dimensions. [ Result] The results show that in all landscape components, alpine meadow and evergreen broad-leaved brush-wood cover a larger area; temperate hassock, cold temperate hassock and swamp cover a smaller area, and distribute fragmentarily in the landscape; deciduous broad-leaved forest and deciduous broadleaved mixed forest are highly fragmentized ; from the whole aspect, fragmentation degree of forest type is higher than meadow and shrub types; fractal dimension of each landscape component in this region is low, inclining to 1, which indicates that the edges of the landscape are relatively smooth.