中西法律近代冲突与调适的另一种表现——以土地升科与涨滩产权为例

The conflict and absorption of Western law and Chinese traditional law——Focus on the system of land taxation and bottomland title

传统社会法律变迁是在移植西方法律的基础上完成的,但移植的过程并非一帆风顺,相反存在着激烈的对抗和冲突,在对抗和冲突中不断吸收和融合。这个冲突和融合的过程不仅体现在国家立法中,同样也体现于地方及民间的具体制度受外来法制的影响而产生的自然变迁中。而后者则更能反映法律制度变迁的内在要求。封建社会的土地升科与涨滩产权制度极具传统法律的特点,但是在上海租界中,这种制度却在与西方法律制度的不断冲突中发生着改变,这从另一方面阐明和解释了近代法律制度变迁的规律。

The transition of Chinese traditional law is based on the transplantation of Western law. The course of the transplanta- tion is full of conflict and absorption and the transplantation exists in the process of governmental legislative procedure and natural change of local and non - governmental law. The natural change of local and non - governmental law reflects the inner requirement of the transition of law. The system of land taxation and bottomland title in the feudal society has typical features of traditional law. In the concession in Shanghai, the system of land taxation and bottomland title changed in the process of transplantation of Western law and proved the rule of transition of law.