“千层饼”模式在上海世界博览会区域生态规划前期研究中的应用

Application of "overlay-maps" model in prior period research of ecological planning of Shanghai Expo area

基于"千层饼"模式,构建了上海世界博览会区域的生态规划方法,并从人体舒适度、生命健康和资源可持续利用角度,对上海世界博览会区域建设用地进行了生态要素调查与GIS可视化综合分析.结果表明:以"千层饼"模式为原型的生态规划方法应当包括生态规划目标的确定、生态要素的选择与实地调查、数据库构建与GIS可视化综合分析,该方法对上海世界博览会区域生态规划前期研究是不可缺少的;针对研究区土壤污染状况,在既考虑市民对绿色景观的要求又兼顾可持续利用资源以及防止二次污染的原则下,提出了研究区土壤保护与再利用的初步方案;为保护上海世界博览会区域原有重要生境,建议设立植被群落与原有绿色景观的保护区域;为提高研究区亚热带季风条件下的人体舒适度,提出了利用生态景观元素优化温湿度及通风的概念.

An ecological planning approach for Shanghai Expo 2010 was constructed based on ＂overlay-maps＂ model, and the ecological elements and GIS visualization in Shanghai Expo 2010 area were investigated and analyzed from the aspects of human comfort degree, life health, and sustainable utilization of resources. This approach included the determination of objectives for ecological planning, the selection and in situ investigation of ecological elements, the construction of ecodatabase, and the integrative analysis of GIS visualization, being indispensable for the prior period research of ecological planning of Expo area. Based on the present situation of soil pollution in the Expo area, a tentative scheme of soil restoration and utilization was brought forward, with the concerns of green space demand and soil secondary pollution avoidance. To protect the wild life habitats in Expo area, a demarcation of conservation areas for plants and original landscape was made. A conception of using landscape elements to optimize air temperature, humidity, and ventilation in the process of urban design was proposed, aimed to promote the human comfort degree under tropical monsoon conditions.