蕨菜适宜生长条件及种植模式探讨

Study on Appropriate Growth Conditions and Cropping Patterns of Pteridium aquilinum

采用塑料大棚、小拱棚、露地栽培3种种植模式，研究了不同种植模式对蕨菜生长环境条件、生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明：蕨菜适宜的出芽气温和地温分别为13-14℃和11-12℃；适宜的出茎气温和地温分别为15-16℃和12-14℃；适宜的孢子形成气温和地温分别为26~27℃和20-22℃。塑料大棚促进蕨菜提前出芽、出茎，采收期较其他模式提前25-39d，产量达20800kg／hm^2，分别比小拱棚和露地增产25％和40％。

In order to study the suitable growth conditions and cropping patterns, the effects of plastic greenhouses, low tunnel and bare field on the environment conditions, growth and yield of Pteridiurn aquilinum was carried out in this article. Results indicated that the most appropriate air temperature and earth temperature of budding was 13-14°C, 11-12 °C respectively; stem emerging was 15 16°C ,12-14°C respectively; conidial production was 26-2°C ,20-22°C respectively. Compared with other methods, the process of growth in the plastic greenhouse were sped up and the time of budding and stem emerging were accelerated, the harvest time was about 25-39 days in advance. The yield of the plastic greenhouses reached 20 800 kg/hm^2 , increased by 25% and 40% respectively compared with the yield in the low tunnel and bare field.