上海马桥地区全新世中晚期环境演变

Middle and Late Holocene environmental changes of Maqiao , Shanghai

在对上海马桥遗址考古调查的基础上，运用环境考古学和历史地理学的方法探讨了该地区７ｋａ以来的环境演变。该区在７．２ｋａＢｐ前后为浅海环境。大约在６．１～４．４ｋａＢｐ之间摆脱了海侵，良诸文化发展起来，其后期经历了一次洪水期，良诸文化突然消失，出现了马桥文化，其末期地表水域扩大，不适合人类居住。唐宋时期，现上海市大部分地区已成陆。以后海水虽有进退，但岸线仅在南部的金山卫一带摆动，海水再未到达马桥地区。

In this study, based on archaeological survey to Maqiao cultural site , Shanghai , the methods of environmental archaeology and historic geography are employed to understand the Middle and Late Holocene environmental changes of Maqiao area . It is found , consequently , that this area was in a shallow sea environ- ment around 7 200 a BP. Between 6 100 a BP and 4 400 a BP . it got rid of sea transgression , Liangzhu Culture ( 5～4 ka BP) developed. At its late stage , a large-scale deluge took place in this area , it made the Liangzhu Culture disappear abruptly . and then . Maqiao Culture ( 4 ～3 ka BP ) developed. At its late stage , the water space expaned , this area , therefore , was not suitable for human being to domicile. Until Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty , most part of the present land formed. After that , there were several times of sea transgression , but the coastline merely flickered around Jinshanwei . and the sea water never transgressed Maqiao.