珠江三角洲乡村城市化的形成机制与调控措施

DYNAMICS AND MEASURES OF RURAL URBANIZATION IN THE PEARL RIVER DELTA

根据数据分析和实地调查，总结了珠江三角洲乡村城市化的特征，即乡村劳动力非农化速度快，非农化具空间分散性，乡村城市化滞后于工业化，以自下而上为主体的城市化；着重分析了乡村城市化的形成机制，认为地理环境是乡村城市化发生的最基本的前提，由农业产生的推动力和乡镇企业产生的吸引力构成的动力结构是乡村城市化发生的关键，而对外开放则是乡村城市化发生的最重要的外部因素；讨论了乡村城市化过程中存在的问题和矛盾，认为工业分散化、产业升级换代、劳动力素质、人的观念和生活方式城市化是乡村城市化过程中存在的主要问题和矛盾，并提出了合理的调控措施。

Rural urbanization of the Pearl River Delta are characterized by that: a) the deagriculturalization rate of rural labour force is high, b) deagriculthalization shows a dispersed tendency, c) rural urbanization logs behind industrialization, and d) rural urbanization can be considered developing from bottom to top. The geographical environment is the basic precondition Of rural urbanization, the dynamic structare composed of push force from agriculture and pull force from mud industries is the key factor of rural urbanization; and the policy of opening to the outside world is the most important external factor. Some problems in the rural urbanization are examinned, such as dispersed industrialization, upgrading of industries, labour quality, and urbanization of ide style. Finally, some measures of promoting rural urbanization of the Pearl River Delta are put forward.