中国古典诗歌翻译叙事“主体”符码化的理论和实践问题

On the Codification of Narrating Subject in the Translation of Classical Chinese Poems

中国古典诗歌极少使用人称代词,而翻译成英语则将诗中隐含的叙事者或主体(主语)填充,原诗的含蓄、不确定性和模糊性特征削弱了。本文论述了这一问题的意义,分析了这种翻译倾向的文学背景和所关涉的理论,考察了中国古诗叙事主体代词符码化的实践倾向,总结了约束这一倾向的技术手段。本文认为将主体"我"实现代词符码化是破坏原诗审美价值的主要原因。为了保持原诗的含蓄性,应抑制将隐含的主语符码化为代词或将叙事主体与客体的关系用句法、逻辑手段明晰化的欲望。

Personal Pronouns are rarely used in Classical Chinese Poems, but the implied narrating subject or narrator is usually codified when the poems are translated into English. As a result, original implicitness, uncertainty and ambiguity are much weakened. This paper aims at further exploring the significance and theories concerned, discussing the tendency and possibility of maintaining the above-mentioned features in the translated poems. It holds that the codification of the implied narrating subjects into pronouns in translation is the main cause that the original esthetic value is spoiled. To maintain the original features, the translators of classical Chinese poems must reduce the temptation of grammatically and logically codifying the implied narrating subject or narrator with personal pronouns.