气管球囊扩张及镍钛合金气管支架置入治疗气管、支气管内膜结核狭窄

Balloon Dilatation And Nitinol Stent Implantation Treatment of Tracheobronchial Stenosis Due to Endobronchial Tuberculosis

目的探讨应用气管球囊扩张和气管镍钛合金支架置入治疗气管、支气管内膜结核狭窄的疗效和安全性。方法52例气管、支气管内膜结核狭窄者,在纤维支气管镜监测下应用气管球囊扩张气管狭窄部,然后放置镍钛合金气管支架。结果经气管球囊扩张后,镍钛合金支架均一次性放置成功,支架扩张良好;术后呼吸困难症状立即缓解,术后支架处肉芽组织增生形成再度狭窄11例(21.1%),经激光和亚气刀灼烧通畅;1例(1.9%)气管支架移位;2例(3.8%)出现气胸和纵隔气肿;1例(1.9%)支架断裂。结论气管球囊扩张及镍钛合金气管支架置入对气管、支气管内膜结核狭窄有良好的治疗效果,是解决气管、支气管内膜结核狭窄较安全有效的方法之一。

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of balloon dilatation and nitinol stent implantation in the treatment for tracheobronchial stenosis due to endohronchial tuberculosis. Methods 52 patients with tracheobronchial stenosis due to endobronchial tuberculosis underwent balloon dilation through bronchofibroscope. Nitinol stents were placed to the stenosis airway. Results All cases were successfully placed and resulted in sufficient dilation for airway stenosis segment. Dyspnea was rapidly improved. 11 （21.1%） patients had restenosis due to the growth of granulation tissue, and through argon knifes and laser treatment the restenosis were disappear. The stent displace occured in one patient （1.9%）. Two patients （3. 8%） had aeropleura and mediastinal emphysema, One patient （1.9%） had stent break. Conclusion Ballon dilatation and Nitinol Stent Implantation is an effective and safe treatment for tracheobronchial stenosis due to endobronchial tuberculosis.