宁夏引黄灌区水权转换节水量计算方法研究

Research on the Calculating Method of Water Right Trading for Water Saving in the Ningxia Yinhuang Irrigation Region

在我国水资源有限、工业发展迅速的大背景下,水权转换已成为解决用水矛盾的主要措施,宁夏回族自治区作为节水型社会建设示范区,已率先试行了水权转换的相关研究和项目的试点推广。水权转换的主要问题是可转换水量的计算问题,采用经验公式法和渗漏系数法分别对宁夏引黄灌区典型干、支、斗渠进行了节水量的实际计算和分析。从研究过程和结果可以得出:经验公式法考虑因素相对较少,计算过程相对简易,适用于干渠或流量较大且较稳定的渠道,而对于支斗渠的应用不慎精确,易产生较大误差;渗透系数法考虑因素较多,计算过程相对复杂,但计算结果精度较高,适用范围较广,能应用于干支斗农各级渠道,且误差较小。

In Chinas limited water resources and the rapid industrial development in the backdrop, water right trading has become the main measures to resolve the contradiction between water users. At first, research is done on water right trading and promotion of pilot projects in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The subject matter of transferable water right is how to calculate the quantity of water saving. This paper is an attempt to calculate and analyze the quantity of water saving by using the empirical formula method and Penetration coefficient method. First, Experience Formal Method has taken into many factors into consideration. The calculation process is simple, it applies to trunk channels and larger and more stable flow channels, but its calculation results are not precise to branch channels. The Penetration Coefficient Method has taken many factors into consideration. It has calculation results of high precision and broadens the scope of application.