半刚性三波护栏与客车碰撞的仿真分析

Numerical Simulation and Analysis of W3beam Semi-rigid Guardrail when Crashed with the Carriage

针对高速公路广泛使用的半刚性波形护栏建立"汽车—护栏"有限元模型,分析模拟BHI型防阻块三波护栏与客车的碰撞过程,并从护栏结构的完整性、乘员风险指标和车辆轨迹三个方面研究三波护栏对客车的防御能力。结果表明,BHI型三波护栏对客车有良好的防御与导向能力,充分发挥了护栏的作用。整个仿真过程与实际情况基本相符,应用有限元法进行护栏与车辆碰撞仿真模拟不仅具有重复性强的优点,还可以提供试验所无法得到的结果。

A FEM model of guardrail and vehicle is set up in this paper in accordance with the W3beam semi-rigid guardrail used widely in express way.By this way,the crashing process between the carriage and W3beam semi-rigid guardrail with BHI distant spacer is analysed and studied the recovery ability of the guardrail from the aspects of the integrity of guardrail, the risk indicator of occupant and the moving locus of vehicle etc. The results from this study indicate that the guardrail has a good recovery and guiding ability and exerts the effect of guardrails adequately. The simulation process is in approximate agreement with the fact. Based on FEA, the crashing numerical simulation between guardrail and vehicle has the virtue of strong repetition and can give many results which the test cannot gained.