一种池塘陆基实验围隔

A Device of Land-Based Experimental Enclosure Used in Ponds

该陆基围隔适用于池塘养殖学与生态学研究。围隔面积为２５ｍ２（５ｍ×５ｍ），水面以上超高０．３～０．５ｍ，水深１．５～１．８ｍ，容积３７．５～４５ｍ３。以木桩及青竹构成支架；以涂塑高密度聚乙烯编织布为隔水材料（围隔幔），将其包围并固定在支架上。因围隔内受风力影响较小，为了模拟池塘水的混合状况，围隔中设１台９０Ｗ的微型电动搅水机。４年（１９９４～１９９７）的使用结果表明围隔效果良好，其中的生态系发育与运行正常，放养的养殖生物生长良好。专门的观测证明空白围隔与设置围隔的空白池塘理化条件的数值和变动都基本一致。研究结果证明，此种围隔完全可以替代池塘用于养殖学与生态学方面的实验研究，不失为一种有效、经济而方便的科学研究设施。

In this paper, a new device of land based enclosure for aquacultural and ecological experiments in ponds is described. The enclosure is 25m 2 (5m×5m) in area, 2.0m in height (1.5￣1.8m in water depth), and 37.5￣45m 3 in capacity, and is made of plastic coated polyethylene woven cloth with a frame composed of wood and bamboo poles. In its center a 90W water stirrer is fixed to keep water mixing inside it equal to that of the pond in which the enclosure is set. The results of its application from 1994 to 1997 and special tests show that the land based enclosure is efficient, cheap, convenient and durable. The ecosystem developed normally, and the experimental organisms, such as Taiwan red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × O. niloticus), sea bass (Latelabrax japonicus), Chinese shrimp (Penaeus chinensis), northern bay scallop (Argopecten irradians irradians), constricted tagelus (Sinonovacula constricta), and short necked clam (Ruditapes philippinarum), grew normally in this type of enclosures. The determinations and diurnal variations of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, chemical oxygen demand, and un ionized ammonia of the water in the control enclosure were quite similar to that in the pond wherein the enclosure was set. In a word, the land based enclosure can satisfactorily simulate a pond and be suitably used for aquacultural and ecological experiments.