汽车车轮模型的开发与仿真验证

Development and Validation of Vehicle Wheel Model

针对现有轮胎模型应用中存在的不足,开发了考虑气胎弹性的汽车车轮模型。模型用六向弹簧阻尼器模拟了气胎的弹性,并为接地印迹块外力计算创造了条件,接地印迹块与地面的接触摩擦采用动静摩擦分离的建模方法进行建模,准确计算了车辆在零速度附近的受力。通过对零速度工况、原地转向工况、转向小干扰工况、操纵稳定性工况的仿真,验证了模型的正确性。

Aiming to the lack of tire model in application, this paper presented a vehicle wheel model considering the elasticity of pneumatic tire. Six spring--dampers were used in the model to simulate the elasticity of pneumatic tire and to calculate the outside forces of contact patch. Stick--slip friction model was used to calculate the friction between contact patch and road, so that the force of vehicle was truly calculated at zero speed. By simulating the zero speed, parking steering, little steering disturb,and handling, the conclusion is drawn, that the model is correct and the model can simulate zero speed and stability of the vehicle.