人参茎叶皂苷对小鼠脂肪肝的作用及机制研究

The effect of ginsenosides of stem and leaf on mouse fatty liver and its mechanism

目的探讨人参茎叶皂苷对小鼠脂肪肝的作用及机制。方法小鼠分为正常对照组(NC)和模型组。喂高脂饲料复制脂肪肝模型,12 wk后证实造模成功后,模型组小鼠随机分为高脂组(HF);正常饮食治疗组(NT);人参茎叶皂苷小剂量组(GSL1);人参茎叶皂苷大剂量组(GSL2)。除HF组饲高脂饲料外,其余各组饲基础饲料。GSL1组给予GSL50 mg.kg-1.d-1灌胃,GSL2组给予GSL 100 mg.kg-1.d-1灌胃,其余各组以同等容积蒸馏水灌胃。灌胃2wk后处死所有动物,检测血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、ALT含量;并观察肝指数和肝组织TC、TG、SOD、MDA含量,肝脏病理形态学改变及氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(PPARα)、细胞色素P450 2E1(CYP2E1)的表达。结果GSL2组可以明显降低肝指数、血脂、肝脂和MDA含量,增加SOD活性,改善小鼠肝脏病理形态学改变,增加肝组织PPARαmRNA水平、降低CYP2E1 mRNA水平。NT组脂肪肝有一定的改善作用,但效果不理想;GSL1组各项指标与NT组相比差异无显著性。结论人参茎叶皂苷可能通过增加肝组织PPARαmRNA表达,降低血脂和肝脂水平;并且通过降低CYP2E1 mRNA表达,抑制脂质过氧化反应,发挥治疗脂肪肝的作用。

Aim To investigate the the effect of ginsenosides of stem and leaf （GSL） on mouse fatty liver and its mechanism. Methods Mice were randomly divided into normal control group （NC, fed with normal diet ） and model group （fed with high-fat diet ）. Twelve weeks later, when the establishment of experimental model of fatty liver was confirmed, the model mice were subdivided into 4 subgroups： HF group （fed continuously with high-fat deit ）, NT group （ fed with normal deit ） , GSL1 group （fed with normal deit and treated intragastrically with GSL 50mg·kg·^-1d^-1）, GSL2 group（fed with normal deit and treated intragastrically with GSL 100mg·kg·^-1d^-1）. Mice in NC, HF and HT groups were given distilled water by gastric perfusion. Two weeks later, all mice were killed, and blood was collected for measuring serum TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, ALT contents, liver tissue for determining hepatic TC,TG, MDA SOD levels. In addition, liver index and pathology were also observed. Expression of PPARα and CYP2E1 mRNA in liver was examined by RT-PCR. Results In GSL2 group, GSL significantly reduced liver index, serum lipid, hepatic lipid and MDA contents, and elevated SOD activity. Moreover, GSL obviously improved pathological change, increased PPARα mRNA and suppressed CYP2E1 mRNA levels in the liver. In NT group, hepatic lipid and MDA contents remained high and SOD activity is low, although liver histology somewhat improved. In GSL1 group the results were similar to those in NT group. Conclusions These results suggest that GSL might be effective in the treatment of hepatic adipose infiltration of mice. It may be associated with increasing PPARα mRNA, then decreasing serum lipid and hepatic lipid;and inhibiting CYP2E1 mRNA expression in the liver, thus suppressing lipid peroxidation.