“时代错误”抑或“国民先导”:五卅运动时期的马寅初

Ma Yinchu in the May 30^(th) Movement Period:"Epoch Mistakes" or "Citizen Leader"

罢工、罢市、罢课以及抵制英日货物,乃是五卅运动的核心内容。基于对"三罢"策略之实际危害的理性预期,马寅初极力反对之。他区别对待经济绝交与抵制外货,认为在中外经济紧密关联与发展失衡的双重约束下,鼓吹经济绝交显系自不量力,而抵制英日货物则可实现民族主义运动的目标。对运动策略的现实主义考量,既彰显出马寅初对国家利益的深度关怀,又与民族主义动员有悖。精英理性与时代主潮之间的紧张,始终是民族主义时代绝大多数知识分子的生存窘境。

Worker＇s Strike, shopkeeper＇s strike, and students~ strike are the main contents of the May 30th Movement. Ma Yinchu was strongly against the strategies of the strike based on the rational anticipation of the potential harmfulness. He made a distinction between economic break and boycotting foreign goods and preferred the former. This showed that Ma was concerned with the state profits, which was against the nationalism. The tension between the elite＇s rationalism and the epoch mainstream was the confusing of the existence of most intellects during the national movements.