纳米Ni粉的制备及其微结构的X射线衍射研究

Preparation of Nano-Ni Powder and Investigation of Microstructure

介绍了表征和研究面心立方纳米材料微结构的一般理论与方法。研究不同温度下β—Ni（OH）2热分解生成纳米NiO粉和在不同温度下氢还原NiO获纳米Ni粉的微结构，结果表明，NiO中存在微晶一层错二重宽化效应，微晶尺度随温度升高而迅速长大，当T〉800℃，可长至数百纳米至微米量级，层错几率f随温度升高而明显降低，用球磨可使晶粒细化并引入微应变；在不同温度下还原NiO所得Ni粉的平均晶粒度比同温度下分解得到的NiO的晶粒度小，且随还原温度的升高晶粒会增大。

The method of characterizing and investigating microstructure in nano-meter materials with face center cubic （FCC） structure were introduced. The microstructure of nano-material, NiO decomposed from β-Ni （OH）2 and Ni reduced from NiO at different temperatures have been investigated. The results show that, nano NiO exhibits twofold broadening effects due to crystallite-fauh and crystallite size grows rapidly with increasing temperature. However, fault probability f decreases obviously with increasing temperature. Ball-milling can result in grain refining and micro-strain. The average grain size of Ni powder reduced from NiO at different temperatures are less then that of NiO decomposed from β-Ni（OH）2 at the same temperature, but Ni grain size increases with increasing reduction temperature.