研究生学业成败归因特点及其与主观幸福感的关系研究

A Correlation Study on the Characteristics of Graduate Students attribution of Study Success or Failure and SWB.

目的考察研究生内隐、外显幸福感及学业成败归因特点,进而探讨研究生学业成败归因与内隐、外显幸福感间的关系。方法采用《多维多向归因量表》(MMCS)、《幸福感指数量表》(Index of well-being)以及内隐联想测验(IAT)对64名研究生进行测验。结果1外显、内隐幸福感是相对独立的结构;2研究生外显、内隐幸福感均无显著性别差异;3在进行学业成败归因时具有显著性别差异,男生较女生更容易进行内归因;4当学业失败时,外显幸福感高的人更倾向归因于情境因素(r=0.25);内隐幸福感中情感体验消极的人更倾向归因于自身能力不足(r=-0.31)。结论研究生学业成败归因与其外显、内隐幸福感存在联系。

Objective To explore the characteristics of graduate students＇ SWB and attribution of study success or failure and analyse the relationship among their attribution characteristics and implicit SWB, explicit SWB. Methods 64 graduate students to completed IAT-test, MMCS and Index of well-being Scale. Results ①SWB was a model of dual components,an implicit component and an explicit component; ②There was no significant difference in sexes between graduate students＇ implicit SWB and explicit SWB; ③There was significant difference in sexes in characteristics of graduate students＇ attribution of study success or failure, and boys were more inclined to make inner attrbution than girls; ④When study failured, graduate students who were in high level of explicit SWB were apt to make attrbution on circumstance（r= 0. 25） ; graduate students who had negative affect of implicit SWB were apt to make attrbution on ability（r=-0. 31）. Conclusion Graduate students＇ implicit and explicit SWB were related to attribution of study success or failure.