骨形态发生蛋白/Smad信号转导机制及其对离心力刺激的响应

Mechanism of bone morphogenetic protein/Smad singaling pathway and its response to centrifugal force

骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)是一类转化生长因子-β超家族成员的多功能分泌型信号分子,参与调节多种细胞的增殖、分化和程序性死亡,在组织器官的形成、胚胎的发育和损伤组织的修复中起关键作用。Smad蛋白是BMP细胞内信号转导和调节分子,可以直接将BMP细胞外信号从细胞膜转导入细胞核,构成BMP/Smad信号转导通路,而BMP/Smad信号转导通路在调节牵张成骨新骨形成中发挥着重要作用。笔者下面就体外培养细胞离心力加载装置和BMP/Smad信号转导机制及其对离心力刺激的响应作一综述。

Bone morphogenetic protein （BMP）, one of muhifunctional secreted signaling molecules, is a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. BMP regulates a wide spectrum of cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis, and also plays central roles in morphogenesis of various organs, embryonic development as well as reparation of injured tissues. Smad （sma-mad） protein is intracellular signaling transduction and regulatory molecules of BMP. Signal transduction studies have revealed that Smad can transduce the BMP signal from the cellmembrane to the nucleus, forming the BMP/Smad singaling pathway. Recently, researches have show that BMP/Smad singaling pathway regulates bone formation in distraction osteogenesis （DO）. Indepth understanding of osteoblast BMP/Smad signaling pathway to stimulate the mechanical response mechanisms and the role of molecular biology DO mechanism for the application of exogenous BMP and provide a theoretical basis for gene therapy.