鼻病毒与气道炎症研究进展

Rhinovirus and airway inflammation

鼻病毒(RV)可以感染下呼吸道。随着PCR技术的发展,RV检出率明显增加。RV在呼吸道感染中所起到的作用也越来越得到重视。RV感染后释放多种炎性介质,引发RV相关的炎症反应。通过减低肺功能,诱发气道高反应和上调支气管上皮细胞上的黏附因子表达等机制造成相应下气道机能障碍,从而导致通常的呼吸道症状。RV感染后可以产生气道高反应,哮喘发作时可以检测出病毒,其中最常见的是RV。RV诱导的早期喘息是反复喘息的重要危险因素。RV感染可能是比呼吸道合胞病毒感染更重要的造成反复喘息的预警因素。

Rhinovirus （RV） can cause infection of the lower respiratory tract. Along with the development of polymerase chain reaction techniques, the detection rate of RV has obviously increased. The role of RV in respiratory tract infection has been paid more and more attention. After RV infection, it releases many kinds of inflammatory mediators, which can cause corresponding inflammation reaction and hyper-reaction of airway, decrease the function of lungs, and up-regulate the expression of adherence genes on the epithelia of bronchus that results in related airway dysfunction, and then cause symptoms in general respiratory tract. Some viruses can be detected during asthma attack, and the most frequent one is RV. The early wheezing caused by RV is the important dangerous element for recurrence of wheezing. RV infection may be more common than respiratory syncytial virus infection in recurrent wheezing.