骨折风险因子对骨质疏松症患病率的影响

How the fracture risk factors affect the morbidity of osteoporosis

目的研究骨折风险因子对骨质疏松症患病率的影响。方法使用周围型双能X线骨密度仪对4195例男性、4391例女性进行测试,并填写相关骨折风险因子信息,进行统计分析。结果男性骨质疏松患病率为19.76%,体重指数（24.48±3.03）kg/m^2,吸烟时间（24.46±13.49）年,有骨折史的人占9.37%;女性骨质疏松患病率34.62%,月经初潮年龄（14.82±1.96）岁,绝经年龄为（49.18±3.90）岁,生育数量为（2.01±1.29）个孩子,体重指数（23.78±3.46）kg/m^2,有吸烟史的人占1.50%,有骨折史的人占15.10%。吸烟和骨折史能够影响女性的BMD和OP患病率,对男性并不明显。性别、年龄和BMI对骨质疏松患病率是最有影响的骨折风险因子。在男性呈现一种非常良好的线性关系。BMI越大,BMD越大,患病率下降。在女性数据呈M型,BMI在16～18和28～30kg/cm^2时患病率增加,在18～24kg/cm^2时最好。结论诊断骨质疏松症不应只考虑骨密度数值,应该同时注意性别、年龄、体重指数和吸烟史。应进一步加强中国人群骨折风险因子与骨质疏松症发病率之间的研究。

Objective To research how the fracture risk factors affect the morbidity of Osteoporosis. Methods To measure 4195 male and 4391 female cases in a hospital and to register their fracture risk factors. Then, SPSS was used to calculate the data. Results The average ages were （56.88 ± 17.76 ）yrs old in male cases and （54.90 ± 15.76） yrs old in female cases. The osteoporosis morbidity was 19.76% at male and 34.62% at female cases. At male, the average BMI were （24.48 ± 3.03）kg/m^2 , The average smoking years was （24.46 ± 13.49） yrs, The fracture history was 9.37 percent. At female group, The average menarche ages were （14.82 ± 1.96） yrs, The menopause ages were （49.18 ± 3.90） yrs. The average parity were （2.01 ± 1.29） kids. The average BMI were 23.78 ± 3.46.The smoking history was 1.50 percent. The fracture history was 15.10 percent. These curves showed that the smoking history, fracture history can affect female BMD and osteoporosis morbidity, but for male, were not sensitive enough. But age and BMI are the important fracture risk factors for BMD and osteoporosis morbidity. The male values are similar like a straight line. BMI bigger, BMD higher and the osteoporosis morbidity lower. The female values varied like a ＂M shape＂. When BMI was 16 ～ 18 and 28 ～ 30, the osteoporosis morbidity would rise up. The suitable BMI was 18 ～ 24. Conclusion It should pay more attention to gender, ages, BMI and smoking history when to diagnose osteoporosis, in stead of BMD alone. In China, there is not much information about the fracture risk factors. The research on this subject should be further strengthened.