浙江在中国戏曲史上的地位与贡献

Zhejiang's Position and Contributions in the History of Chinese Drama

本文全面总结了浙江在中国戏曲史上的地位和贡献。浙江是已知的戏曲发源地,有关戏曲诞生的最早记载,都与浙江有密切关系;元代的杭州是全国文化娱乐中心之一,也是杂剧最重要的创作中心之一,在南戏发展过程中尤为重要;在明代,"南戏四大声腔"中的余姚腔、海盐腔发源于浙江,浙江也是明代戏曲理论中心;清中叶浙江戏曲声腔剧种产生了重大变革,乱弹和徽戏流布全省广受欢迎;进入20世纪以后,各路滩簧蓬勃生长。经历诸多曲折,1978年以后,浙江戏曲又率先呈现出复苏迹象。

This paper makes an overall summary of the position and contributions Zhejiang has taken and made in the history of Chinese drama. Zhejiang is the birth place of all known dramas and operas. Any early records of drama＇s birth are related to Zhejiang. Hangzbou in the Yuan Dyansty was then the national center of entertainment, also one of the centers in writing the poetic drama, which played a particularly important role in the development of southern China operas. Among the four tunes of southern China operas, Yuyao tune and Haiyan tune both originated from Zhejiang. Zhejiang was also the theoretical center for drama studies in the Ming Dynasty. Up to the mid Qing Dynasty, the tunes in Zhejiang operas underwent big reforms and general melodies and Anhui operas enjoyed tremendous popularity. Ever since the 20th century, various kinds of operas have prospered. After a period of twists and turns, drama in Zhejiang recovered first after 1978.