论朱熹《诗集传》中的“兴”

On Xing Style of Zhu Xi's Commentaries on Poetry

朱熹《诗集传》中的兴体诗是指诗中由兴体与本体所构成的具有相对独立性的一组句群,兴是指兴句与应句之间的虚实感应。兴体诗的这种特性使之与比、赋划界;取义的兴体现为重迭、交叉、转合、反对四种感通模式,不取义的兴体现为上下文的语辞相应;兴的感应性特征还体现在释兴时所采用的对称呼应的句式与语辞上。《诗集传》中兴的感应性特征一直没有得到正确的认识,从而不断遭到非议与"修正"。

Xing style poems in Zhu Xi＇s Commentaries on Poetry refer to the set of sentences with relative inde- pendence which are composed of Xing style and Ben Style. Xing refers to the connection between Xing sentence and Ying sentence. This feature of Xing style poems distinguishes itself from analogy and rhyme prose. Xing style with specific meaning employs four models of repetition, overlapping, transformation and antithesis while Xing style without specific meaning is embodied by means of contextual rhetoric interaction. This interactive feature is also re- flected in the use of parallel sentence patterns and rhetorical devices. In Commentaries on Poetry, the interactive feature of Xing has not been recognized and thus has often been criticized and modified.