数字图书馆用户界面的工效学研究(上)

Ergonomics Study on the User Interface of Digital Libraries(Ⅰ)

本文对数字图书馆用户界面的工效学设计进行了初步研究。用户界面是用户利用数字图书馆信息资源的唯一途径，在用户界面的设计中除了要遵守人机界面设计的一般原则外，还需要认真考虑人的认知和行为因素。本文选用８项工效学原则对国内外１５个数字图书馆用户界面进行了综合评价和比较研究，并对我国数字图书馆用户界面设计中需注意的问题进行了探讨并提出了建议，如应提高对用户界面重要性的认识和加强用户界面的工效学研究、开展数字图书馆用户需求调查、注重防“迷航”、图形界面与字符界面的关系处理及智能用户界面开发等各种新技术的应用和重视标准化工作等。

This paper focused on the possible ways to improve the user interface design of digital libraries in China.The user interface is the only entrance to a digital library,through which the users can have access to the information in the digital library.In addition to the basic principles for manmachine interface design,the human factors of cognition and behavior should be carefully considered when designing a user interface.The author made an evaluation and a comparative study on 15 cases of user interfaces in this paper.What the author found in this analysis led to the conclusion that,to design a userfriendly interface which will best meet the user’s needs in China,more attention should be paid to such efforts as study of ergonomics in humancomputer systems,making a careful survey of user’s requirements,designing treemaps to avoid “disorientation”,dealing with relationship between the graphical interface and the character interface,developing intelligent user interfaces,and bringing about standardization.