延安市农村劳动力转移与农村地域经济类型

Rural labor transition and regional economy types in Yan'an

农村劳动力转移在生态脆弱的陕北地区经济可持续发展中扮演十分重要的角色。作者从农村从业人员结构变化、外出劳动力从业状况、本乡地域内转移三方面考察延安市农村劳动力转移的现状,发现当前延安市农村劳动力转移呈现明显的"就近-跳跃式转移"特征,劳动力倾向于就近转移,并大多流向传统第三产业,并与农村地域经济类型密切相关。劳动力在产业和空间上的流向受区域经济结构偏离和资源环境背景条件的影响。

Rural labor transition has contributed greatly to regional sustainable development in Northern Shaanxi Province. This article tried to describe the general sitution of rural labor transition in Yan＇an from three aspect： the general structure changes of rural employment, rural go - out labor and wages and salaries of rural households from works in rural towns. We found that, rural labor transition in Yan＇an takes on a ＂nearby - saltatorial＂ transition, most rural labors tend to find jobs in nearby area and most of accessible jobs are traditional service industry. The spatial and industrial flow direction of rural labor are affected by the deviation of regional economy structure and geographical environment.