2007年健康教育试点建设项目效果评估

Effectiveness evaluation on national health pilot project of 2007

目的了解目标人群健康知识掌握情况和健康行为形成情况,评估2007年健康教育试点建设的效果。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,对中西部23个省和新疆生产建设兵团共48个健康教育试点建设的目标人群进行问卷调查,评估"测量血压"、"低盐饮食"、"限酒"、"控烟"4项核心信息的知识知晓率和行为形成率。结果4项核心信息的总知识知晓率为74.36%,总行为形成率为61.07%。不同人群的健康知识知晓率比较中,男性高于女性,城市高于农村,中年龄段(31岁～,41岁～)高于低年龄段(<31岁)和高年龄段(>50岁),文化程度越高知晓率越高(男性SpearmanR=0.158,女性SpearmanR=0.175,P<0.01),经济水平越高知晓率也越高(男性SpearmanR=0.086,女性SpearmanR=0.076,P<0.01)。不同人群的健康行为形成率比较,女性高于男性,农村高于城市,中低年龄段低于高年龄段(Pearson’sR=0.051),男性的行为形成率有随文化程度的提高而增加的趋势(SpearmanR=0.053,P<0.01),但是女性的行为形成率却以小学初中文化水平者相对较高(SpearmanR=-0.067,P<0.01)。结论目标人群的知识知晓率和行为形成率得到了明显的提高,2007年健康教育试点建设项目达到了预期目标。

Objective To understand the health knowledge awareness and health behavior forming of city and ru- ral＇residents, and to evaluate the effectiveness of health education pilot project in 2007. Methods With multi-stage ran- dom sampling, a survey was conducted to the target population of the health education pilot project in 48 health education pilot sites of 24 western provinces, and awareness rates and behavior forming rates of four key information items, i.e. ＂blood pressure measurement＂, ＂low salt diet＂, ＂alcohol restriction＂ and ＂tobacco control＂ were evaluated. Results The overall awareness rate of four key information items was 74. 36% , and the overall behavior forming rate was 61.07%. Men had higher health knowledge awareness rate than women did, while men＇ s behavior forming rate was less than that of women. Population in urban area had higher awareness rate, but lower behavior forming rate compared to the population in the country. The middle age group （31 - , 41 - ） had higher awareness rate than low （ 〈31 ） and senior （51 - , 61 - ） age groups did （Pearson＇s R = -0. 039）, while the senior age group had lower behavior forming rate compared with the low and middle age groups （ Pearson＇s R = 0. 051 ）. The knowledge awareness rate of the participants had a significant in- crease with education levels （ men, Spearman R = 0. 158 ; women, Spearman R = 0. 175, P 〈 0. 01 ）, and the behavior forming rate of men also had a trend to grow with the education levels （ Spearman R = 0. 053, P 〈 0. 01 ）, and the behavior forming rates of women with education level of primary and junior middle school were higher than others （ Spearman R = - 0. 067, P〈0. 01）. The awareness rate grew with the improvement of financial situation （men, Spearman R = 0. 086; women, Spearman R = 0. 076, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The awareness rate and behavior forming rate of target population were enhanced significantly, and the due objectives of health education pilot project of 2007 were achieved.