成人变应性鼻炎对中耳功能的影响

Impact of allergic rhinitis on middle ear functions in adults

目的探讨成人变应性鼻炎对中耳功能的影响。方法对成人变应性鼻炎患者100例(变应性鼻炎组)(轻度组50例,中-重度组50例)和健康成人无变应性鼻炎50例(对照组)行鼓膜检查、鼓室导抗图和纯音听阈的测定,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果变应性鼻炎组鼓膜异常率为42.5%,鼓室导抗图异常率为41.0%,听力减退率为48.5%;对照组鼓膜异常率16.0%,鼓室导抗图异常率13.0%,听力减退率12.0%,二者相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。轻度组与中-重度组鼓膜病变率、鼓室导抗图异常率和听力减退率之间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。轻度组与对照组鼓膜病变率、鼓室导抗图异常率相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),听力减退率相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。中-重度组与对照组鼓膜病变率、鼓室导抗图异常率和听力减退率之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论成人变应性鼻炎引起中耳功能的改变、中耳病变的发生率较健康成人显著提高,症状越重,发病率越高且程度越重。

Objective To exlpore the impact of allergic rhinitis （AR） on the middle ear in adults. Methods One hundred adult cases with AR （ AR group） （ fifty mild cases and fifty morderate-severe cases） and fifty cases of healthy adults （control group） were chosen. Otological examination, tympanogram test, and pure-tone hearing threshold examination were performed. The results were collected and analysed. Results In the AR group,the abnormal percentages of tympanic membrane, tympanogram, and pure-tone hearing threshold respectively were 42.5% ,41.0% and 48.5%. In the control group, the abnormal percentages of tympanic membrane, tympanogram, and pure-tone hearing threshold respectively were 16. 0%, 13.0% and 12. 0%. Statistical differences were found between the two groups （P 〈 0.01 ）. There was statistical significance between mild cases group and morderate-severe cases group in the abnormal percentages of tympanic membrane, tympanogram, and pure-tone hearing threshold （P 〈 0. 01 ）. There was no difference between mild cases group and control in the abnormal percentages of tympanic membrane,tympanogram（ P 〉 0.05 ）, but statistical difference was found between the two groups in the abnormal percentage of pure-tone hearing threshold （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. There was significant statistical difference between control group and morderate-severe AR cases group in the abnormal percentages of tympanic membrane, tympanogram, and pure-tone hearing threshold （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Allergic rhinitis can lead to damage of middle ear,and the incidence is significantly higher in adult AR cases than in healthy adult cases. The more serious allergic rhinitis is,the higher the percentage is,and the more serious the degree is.